Lyndall Urwicks 10 Principles to Management Essay

Lyndall Urwick has been prolific and an enthusiastic writer on the subject of administration and management. His experience covered industry, the armed forces and business consultancy. Like other classical writers, Urwick developed his ‘principle’ on the basis of his own interpretation of the common elements and processes, which he identified in the structure, and operation of organization. In 1952 he produced a consolidated list of ten principles in administration and management. Urwick’s ideas in general were popular because of their commonsense appeal to managers in organization. In the last decade, however Urwick’s emphasis on purpose and structure has not been able to provide answers to problems arising from social changes and needed for organizational health. Nevertheless his influence on many modern businesses has been enormous. Lyndall Urwick Urwick was born in England in 1891. He attended Repton and New College, Oxford, and was awarded a B.A. degree in 1913 and a M.A.degree in 1919. He began his career in his family’s glove manufacturing business, Fownes Brothers and Company. Following service in the First World War, he became organizing secretary for Rowntree and Company, a confectioner. He subsequently moved to the position of administrator of the Management Research Groups and then became Director of the International management Institute in Geneva in 1929. When thereat Depression cut short the life of the institute, Urwick returned to England and established the management consultancy; Urwick, Orr and Patterns. 10 Principles Urwick 10 principles are: 1. The principles of objective – the overall purpose or objective is the raison d’à ªtre of every organization. 2. The principles of specialization – one group, one function. 3. The principles of coordination – the process of organizing is primarily to ensure coordination. 4. The principles of authority-every group should have a supreme authority with clear line of authority to other members of the group. 5. The principles of responsibility – the superior is absolutely responsible  for the acts of his subordinates. 6. The principles of definitions – jobs, with their duties and relationships, should be clear defined. 7. The principles of correspondence – authority should be commensurate with responsibility. 8. The span of control – no one should be responsible for more than 5 – 6 direct subordinates whose work is interlocked. 9. The principles of balance – the various units of the organization should be kept in balance. 10. The principles of continuity – the structure should provide for the continuity of activities

Feminism During the 50’s Essay

The book Revolutionary Road, written by Richard Yates, tells the reader a story about the life of Frank and April Wheeler. The Wheelers are a married couple with children who live in a 1950’s suburb. This essay shows the reader how characters in the book do not conform to typical gender roles during this time period and how these gender roles are switched between men and women. The story gives us a lot of insight in to gender roles during the 1950’s. However, Frank and April Wheeler do not abide to the typical gender roles of men and women during this time period in American society. The idea of this analysis is to show the reader how Feminism and Masculinity are tested in Revolutionary Road. Richard Yates switches gender roles in this novel and does a good job of showing us a different perspective from what was most common during the 1950’s. Revolutionary Road is about Frank and April Wheeler who live in a suburb called Revolutionary Estates with their two children Jennifer and Michael. They are viewed by their neighbors as your ideal husband and wife. They have a nosy real estate agent named Mrs. Giving’s who randomly shows up throughout the story and has a deranged son named John who ends up having some conflict with the Wheelers. Mrs. Giving’s also has a husband named Howard who seems not to care what she has to say most of the time because she is always gossiping or talking too much. There is also a couple, Milly and Shep Campbell who are family friends of the Wheelers and often hang out and drink together. Frank ends up having an affair with Maureen, a woman who works at Knox with him. He ends up feeling guilty about it because April does something special for him. She stops the argument they are in and has a surprise birthday plan for him and tells him about her plans of moving their family to Europe. Plans fail however when April realizes she is pregnant and Frank is satisfied that they won’t have to move. April ends up having an affair with Shep Campbell who is in love with her secretly. The story ends up with April killing herself attempting to do her own abortion from home. Frank lives on in distraught and agony. Richard Yates uses Feminism in the story to show the reader how Frank fits in with typical feminine role of this time and April fits in with the  typical masculine role. Frank is constantly emasculated throughout the story by April. When they realize April is pregnant, she wants to have an abortion. Frank is upset but he can’t do much about it because he doesn’t have any say in what she does. He tries to say, â€Å"Listen. Listen to me. You do this – you do this and I swear to God I’ll –† and she cuts him off and says, â€Å"Oh, you’ll what? You’ll leave me? What’s that supposed to be – a threat or a promise?† (Yates 52) testing his masculinity once again. April is not the typical woman of the 50’s and that’s why conflicting gender roles play such an important theme in this novel. Frank thrives off of the need to prove himself to April. He wants her to believe he is in control of every situat ion and is the man of the house. He tries to put off this image to April that he is a real man and leads their household. Frank has a lot of conflict throughout the book because of his constant need to prove his manhood and prove his masculinity to April. Richard Yates uses Frank Wheeler to show us just how this novel conflicts the typical gender roles during the 1950’s. Yates says about Frank, â€Å"Wasn’t it true, then, that everything in his life from that point on had been a succession of things he hadn’t really wanted to do? Taking a dull job to prove he could be as responsible as any other man†¦ Having another child to prove that the first one hadn’t been a mistake†¦ Proving, proving; and for no other reason than that he was married to a woman who put him forever on the defensive† (Yates 51). Yates shows the reader the true tenacity of Frank’s need to prove himself to April day after day. Having a job, having a family, and doing everything to provide for your family were all things men were expected to do during that time in America. Frank has an obsession with needing April to believe he is in control and fully providing for her and their children. He feels she will leave him or step up and provide for them herself is he cannot do it. Frank is trying to prove he is the man and holds the masculine gender role over April. April says in one scene to Frank, â€Å"Me. Me. Me. Oh, you poor, self-deluded – Look at you, Look at you, and tell me how by any stretch of imagination you can call yourself a man† ( Yates 28) which really test Franks masculinity. He is without a doubt upset about April’s actions and words. By receiving her approval, he feels his masculinity and feels he has accomplished what is important. Throughout the  story however, we see that Frank never truly gets the approval from April he is looking for. Yates intends for Frank to be weaker and less masculine than April. This is how Richard Yates uses conflicting gender roles in his characters. April is a very independent woman and she will take care of what she feels is necessary. She doesn’t look to Frank for guidance and leadership. The narrator points this out when April is mowing the lawn and Frank is watching her wishing he was doing it. The narrator states that Frank had â€Å"planned as soon as he’d had some coffee to go out there and take the lawnmower away from April, by force if it was necessary, so the he could restore as much balance to the morning as possible. But he was still in his bathrobe† (Yates 40). Frank cannot stand the fact that April is mowing the yard and not letting him do it. Yates gives us a description of April in the yard, he says, â€Å"It was April herself, stolidly pushing and hauling the old machine, wearing a man’s shirt and a pair of loss, flapping slacks† (Yates 35) This description of April really gives the reader a simple understanding that April doesn’t need Frank to mow the yard because she is capable and willing to do it herself. These are the things that really bother Frank because he wants a woman who needs him to do everything for her. That’s what Frank feels he is supposed to do; he wants to be the sole provider and â€Å"alpha† of his household. Another way we see Frank being emasculated is when April plans the move to Europe. She tells Frank about the plans to move at his surprise birthday get together, he had just got home from having an affair with Maureen from his office. The narrator gives us a good understanding of Frank’s inability to take control. He ends up agreeing with the plans even though he is not fully sure and confident that is what he wants. Frank says, â€Å"Darling? We are really going to do it, aren’t we? I mean it hasn’t just been a lot of talk or anything, has it?† (Yates 116) and they agree the move to Europe is a sure thing. Then they fall asleep and the chapter ends with April saying I love you to Frank. Frank is finally feeling a sense of assurance at this point because things are getting better between him and April. He is finally feeling that sense of satisfaction he thrives for. He and April are getting  along and things â€Å"seem† to be good. However, April ends up letting Frank in on some startling news. She is pregnant and when Frank finds out he is actually happy about the news because he has had a promotion offered to him at work and knows that having a baby will keep them from moving. When April realizes Frank is satisfied with not moving she threatens to abort the baby herself after Frank finds her abortion tools and she test Franks masculinity again by saying, â€Å"And what are you going to do? Do you think you’re going to stop me?† (Yates 209) when he questions her on what she is going to do with the tools. Frank has no control over any situations throughout this book. Especially in this situation because April has had her mind set on moving and she was not going to take no for an answer. She eventually kills herself trying to proceed in doing an abortion herself at their home. April had control of the situation the whole time. Furthermore, â€Å"Revolutionary Road† gives the reader a wide and detailed interpretation of very unusual gender roles for the 1950’s. The author’s use of feminism helps him to show how Frank is a man who feeds of his wife for satisfaction. Everything Frank does is mainly to get the approval and acceptance of his wife April. Feminism also helps us to take a look at how April Wheeler is portrayed. She is a very independent woman and for this time period that is very rare. Women typically depended on men and did not step up as leaders and sole providers of their family. However, April is much different. She wants Frank to know that she can take care of herself and her family without the help of a man. She is portrayed as being much more masculine and superior than her husband. She is in control of their relationship and she is in control of Frank’s life. Everything Frank does is based on what April thinks and getting her to notice and her to approve is what makes him feel like a man. Richard Yates did an amazing job in â€Å"Revolutionary Road† by showing the reader the conflicting gender roles of April and Frank Wheeler. Works Cited Yates, Richard. Revolutionary Road. 2nd. New York: Vintage Contemporaries, 2000. Print.

How to Write the UT Austin Supplemental Essays 2017-2018

Founded by the Congress of the Republic of Texas in 1883, the University of Texas at Austin is home to 51,000 students and 3,100 faculty members. As the â€Å"Public Ivy† of the South, UT Austin annually ranks among the Top 20 public universities. As UT Austin’s reputation grows, its applicant pool becomes increasingly competitive as well, leaving its current acceptance rate in the low 40% range, one of the lowest among public schools. Noted departments at UT include petroleum engineering, history, and linguistics. Additionally, UT permits students to apply directly to programs that are occupation-specific, an aspect that differentiates UT from other institutions. UT Austin provides multiple essay prompt options for students to choose between. There is one mandatory essay prompt that all students must respond to, as well as secondary questions that you may answer depending on your intended major. Note: UT recommends that you keep your essays between 350 and 500 words, with no more than 650 words. 650 is also the word limit for the Common Application, so it’s easy for you to get an idea for how much room you have to get your point across. For more tips on how to write the Common Application Essay, feel free to check out ’s Common App 2017-2018 Guide . As the only essay prompt required by every applicant, this topic allows you to expand and describe your personal background or story. Where are you from? How did you get here? How has your community influenced you to become the person you are today? Because every applicant will write this prompt, the goal is to be as original as possible. Prompt A is the only mandatory question out of the topics in UT’s Essay requirement. For your second essay, you should choose just one from the following prompts. Answer this topic by explaining the origin and goals of your decision to pursue nursing; UT seeks to understand how your specific experiences will aid you along this path. Additionally, explain the future opportunities you want to participate in, and how these will help you reach your long-term goal in nursing. Submit your essay and we’ll get back to you with helpful edits. Along with your main essay, you must submit at least three additional short essays. According to the UT Austin application requirements , your answers should be limited to no more than 40 lines, or about 250–300 words. While not quite as elaborate as a traditional common app essay, you still have sufficient space to develop a compelling response. The following sections will discuss strategies to approach the UT Austin short answer prompts. If you could have any career, what would it be? Why? Describe any activities you are involved in, life experiences you’ve had, or even classes you’ve taken that have helped you identify this professional path. Some Tips to Consider: Even if you aren’t sure what you want to do for your career, you can still write an excellent response. First, notice that this prompt is hypothetical in that it asks, â€Å" if you could have any career, what would it be?† With that being said, you can feel free to explore and select between countless options for your topic, and they don’t necessarily need to be exactly what you want to do. The career path does not necessarily need to match every aspect of your skill set and personality; rather, it should incorporate your experiences and interests, and potentially complement other information you’ve provided. One strategy to write this essay is to match an aspect of your personality to a career. For example, if you are very meticulous and attentive to aesthetic details and love to travel, you may want to consider writing about being a photographer for National Geographic . You could discuss how viewing awe-inspiring photographs on Instagram has motivated you to travel and see different cultures. At the same time, you could take the response a step further by explaining how you would love to incorporate aspects of your cultural anthropology class to better document the lives of the people or communities you photograph. Instead of focusing too much on the career path itself, you can make the task of writing easier by expounding upon your relevant activities or experiences. For example, if you want to be a product manager for a high-tech company, you could discuss how your leadership role in the robotics club has taught you valuable lessons in failure. Now, whenever you design, you take a skeptical approach and assume things will never work the way you intend, which causes you to iterate quickly as a manager. Do you believe your academic record (transcript information and test scores) provide an accurate representation of you as a student? Why or why not? Here is a tip directly from the UT Austin Admissions Office: â€Å"Feel free to address anything you want the Office of Admissions to know about your academic record so that we can consider this information when we review your application. You can discuss your academic work, class rank, GPA, individual course grades, test scores, and/or the classes that you took or the classes that were available to you. You can also describe how special circumstances and/or your school, community, and family environments impacted your high school performance.† Essentially, you can discuss anything you want with respect to your high school academics. Some potential topics could include: You may feel compelled to â€Å"explain† a bad grade in a class or convince admissions that your GPA could have been higher, but that’s not really the point of the prompt or what admissions wants to hear. Instead of focusing on making excuses, focus on the lessons you’ve learned from mistakes . For example, if you struggled in calculus, explain why you may have found the subject challenging and how you worked hard to change your study habits by setting up weekly meetings with your professor to work on the concepts. A response like that could shed light on a lower grade on the transcript while revealing positive aspects about your character. Whatever you choose to write about, try to incorporate the positives of what you took from the experience and show why you are now a better applicant due to the experience. Keep in mind that admissions officers consider your potential as well as your past accomplishments. How do you show leadership in your life? How do you see yourself being a leader at UT Austin? Here is a tip directly from UT Austin: â€Å"Leadership can be demonstrated by positions you hold as an officer in a club or organization, but other types of leadership are important too. Leaders can emerge in various situations at any given time, including outside of the school experience. Please share a brief description of the type of leadership qualities you possess, from school and non-school related experiences, including demonstrations of leadership in your job, your community, or within your family responsibilities, and then share how you hope to demonstrate leadership as a member of our campus community.† The most effective way to respond to this prompt is to split it into two parts. Part 1 should concern your experience with leadership or cultivating a leadership skill. Part 2 should directly respond to Part 1 by analyzing how the identified skill will apply directly to a campus group or community at UT Austin. For example, you could begin by describing your experience volunteering or tutoring at a local elementary school. Instead of simply saying you were â€Å"a leader† to the younger kids, focus on describing the types of qualities you learned and how. If the kids often struggled with paying attention or staying on task, you could explain how you learned to temper expectations, be patient, and interact with a cool head. When the kids recognized how patient and composed you were, they adopted the same demeanor when solving problems and improved drastically. You could even go in-depth about particular moments or instances in which you learned a certain skill or developed a leadership quality. Further, you can also discuss what leadership means to you, potentially touching on the types of qualities you value in a leader. Following your anecdote, you can specifically show how your leadership qualities will be used at UT Austin. For example, if you are interested in leading outreach projects in local Austin communities or even other countries, you can explain how the quality of â€Å"patience† will come in handy when convincing organizations to let you work with them. If you do a mission trip in another country, patience is often crucial for forming relationships and overcoming social or linguistic barriers, as well. The point of this example is to show how clearly you must organize the response and how the specific quality you discuss in your personal anecdote must also motivate your application to UT Austin. Personal interaction with objects, images and spaces can be so powerful as to change the way one thinks about particular issues or topics. For your intended area of study (architecture, art history, design, studio art, visual art studies/art education), describe an experience where instruction in that area or your personal interaction with an object, image or space effected this type of change in your thinking. What did you do to act upon your new thinking and what have you done to prepare yourself for further study in this area? This topic confirms that UT Austin is searching for two things in applicants applying to a degree in architecture, art history, design, studio art, visual art studies/art education: 1) relevant past experiences and 2) how and why those experiences motivate you to pursue one of the above-mentioned fields. Discuss the reasons you chose social work as your first-choice major and how a social work degree from UT Austin will prepare you for the future. This topic essentially asks the same thing as Prompt N, for social work. Describe how your decision to pursue social work came about. Relate previous experiences in social work to how they will guide you in your pursuit down this career path. UT’s requirement of Prompt A and short answer essays is a chance for you to show off yet another aspect that readers have not been exposed to. Remember that an unforgettable essay can go a long way in convincing readers to grant you admission to the home of the Longhorns! Looking for additional guidance in essays or college apps in general? Check out our Essay Editing Program and College Apps Program . Want us to quickly edit your college essay? Submit it to our Rapid Review Program , and we’ll get it back to you quickly with comments from our expert team.

Sosial anthropology (Satanism,Youth Gang Satanists ) Essay

Sosial anthropology (Satanism,Youth Gang Satanists ) - Essay Example Satanism is commonly defined simply as devil worship, the religion of worshiping and imitating Satan, the biblical enemy of Christians and Jews. Satanists are more against Christianity than Judaism, though, condemning Christians for the censure of the Church and defiling Christian practices, specifically the Eucharistic celebration. Christians, in turn, severely oppose the satanic beliefs that man is an animal, just like the other creatures in this planet, and that man is a god of his own life (Dominguez). Among the supposed deeds of the Satanists include cannibalism, serial killings, terrorism, and witchcraft (Dawson 258). Rituals summoning the devil and prayers adoring Hell and its master are two of the usual charges hurled towards satanic cults. These rituals are said to invoke the help of the devil before performing magic and casting spells on another, usually helpless, human being. Satanists are often associated with the symbol of a pentagram with a goat’s head in its center, identified as their emblem (Dominguez). There are two kinds of Satanists, according to Dr. Jerome Dominguez, writing from his website explaining religion and cults. The first kind comprises those believers in Satan’s existence and power. They sacrifice animals and children in order to worship and gain favors from him. Their main rite is the Black Mass, a distorted version of the Catholic Church’s Eucharistic celebration, performed to obtain magical powers through sexual orgies. The other kind of Satanists do not believe in Satan’s existence, only in him as the personification of human desires. They act on these desires through drugs, promiscuous sex, murder, theft, etc. Groups based on this kind usually protest the label of Satanism. Satanists comprise only a small percentage of the world’s non-religious, usually distributed within cults and secret organizations (Domiguez). They can be categorized into seven often-overlapping categories:

Investigate the arguement for restricting trade and provide argunmats Essay

Investigate the arguement for restricting trade and provide argunmats for not restricting trade. Also list and explain some coun - Essay Example In time, trade has gone through revolutionizing changes with the advent of a legal tender system. This saw trade become widespread and global in perspective because of the new terms of valuation. These new terms of valuation made it easier to conduct trade because, unlike barter trade, it was easier to carry money for long distances than the actual goods. This paper aims at investigating the arguments for restricting trade and those for not restricting trade. Restrictive trade originated in the late 1800s where rich merchants involved in trade of high value products and services sought to create monopolies in the market so that they could control the market (GILLIES, 2004: 862). This amounted to restricting trade through the formation of international organisations for traders and manufacturers of a few select items that were of high value and demand in the market. An organisation like this is allied, by agreement, to control the natural elements of supply and demand, in the market. They achieve this by fixing prices and quotas for sales, divide markets and limit supply (GILLIES, 2004: 867). These restrictive trade practices end up eliminating competition in the market, which creates a precedent for consumer exploitation. Competition, in the market, keeps all the players, in check, by ensuring that they all strive to satisfy the consumers’ needs, or risk losing out to those who fulfil their customers’ needs. Without competition in the market place, the consumers would be faced, with the aspect exploitation from unscrupulous traders out, to make a profit at the expense of consumers. When a system of trade restricts trade practices among its players, it predisposes consumers to exorbitant and unaffordable prices. Consumers are supplied with substandard goods and services because there is no alternative source of the products they seek. Elimination of competition by restricting trade robs consumers of the freedom and right of choice regarding the qua lity and supply of commodities they desire and need (BRUCE, 2001: 56). Limitation of supply creates high demand for goods and services, which exposes consumers to abuse through over pricing. Restricting trade has seen a decline in trade volume because it reduces consumers’ purchasing power and decreases the number of traders allowed to participate, in a given trade. Restriction on trade has also contributed to protection of inefficient and unqualified traders in the market who add no value to consumers or the economy of the country. Restriction on trade has seen to the development of domestic and international organisations that operate like cartels because of their characteristic monopolising of markets of their interest (FRANK & BERNANKE, 2003: 419). Beneficiaries of these organisations advocate and support these cartels by arguing that they help protect participating firms that are weak thus shielding them from unfair competition. According to most studies, business entiti es that benefit from restricted trade systems postulate that this structure of trade helps these firms deal with limitations caused by high business operating tariffs (BRUCE, 2001: 78). Cartels created because of restrictive trade systems are able to distribute risks and profits equally amongst themselves which acts as a cushion against uncertainty in the market. This uncertainty can be

Analyzing the Relationship between United States and North Korea Research Paper

Analyzing the Relationship between United States and North Korea - Research Paper Example In 1994, after the death of Kim Il Sung, his son Kim Jong Il assumed the power and continued on with his father’s policies. Their anti-West approach and hatred for the South Korea has led to a very fragile relation with the United States. (Porter) After the supposed end of the Cold War, in 1995 North Korea managed to reach an agreement with United States to build nuclear reactors on their territory. Nevertheless, soon enough North Korea, as being unpredictable and ruthless, showed signs of the same by sending missiles flying right over its neighbor Japan. This was taken as a direct threat to the sovereignty of Japan and posed an immediate threat of any future attack on their soil. A clear indication had been given by North Korea that they were working on the development of their nuclear arms. A turning point occurred in 2002, when President George W. Bush in his State of the Union Address labeled North Korea as â€Å"Axis of Evil† along with Iran and Iraq. In the same year US stopped oil shipments to DPKR in protest to their secretive nuclear armament program. Following this, North Korea kicked out international nuclear inspectors from its nuclear plants as a retaliation move. The already shallow relations between the two nations started to soar and worsen. North Korea claimed that they were developing their nuclear program in response to the risk of imminent attack from the US, while at the same time heavily fortified and militarized their border with South Korea. United States does not have any diplomatic relations with North Korea as their imposed trade sanctions on North Korea still exist to this day. Sweden acts on behalf of the US interests in North Korea and helps in facilitating relations between the two countries. (Affairs) In the following year, 2003, North Korea withdrew from the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty and terminated the freeze on its existing plutonium-based nuclear facilities. They further went on to expel IAEA

Analysis of USAs Climate Change policies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Analysis of USAs Climate Change policies - Essay Example Among the greenhouse gasses, the most potent are carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N20) and these are results of anthropogenic climate change (www.global-greenhouse-warming.com). Recognizing the hazard that greenhouse gases have and that these climate changes are anthropogenic, there have been efforts from around the world to address the problems. One of these is the Kyoto Protocol. It is an international agreement linked to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change that sets binding targets for 37 industrialized countries for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (UNFCCC). "While the convention encourages industrialized nations to stabilize GHG emissions, the protocol commits them to do so" (UNFCCC). The Kyoto protocol states that the Parties included in Annex I shall pursue limitation or reduction of emissions of greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol from aviation and marine bunker fuels. Therefore, the parties in Annex I are expected to enact policies and measures necessary to minimize the adverse social and economic impact of climate change (UNFCCC) The protocol identified 3 mechanisms of reducing greenhouse gasses aside from the individual national measures. ... "The Kyoto Protocol is generally seen as an important first step towards a truly global emission reduction regime that will stabilize GHG emissions, and provides the essential architecture for any future international agreement on climate change" (UNFCCC). USA's Proposals and Policies Unfortunately, even after sending delegations to the Kyoto Protocol, "the United States steadfastly refuses to ratify the Kyoto Protocol and actively works against the efforts of the world community to reach its full implementation" (KyotoUSA). Since USA alone emits 25% of the world's greenhouse gasses, its failure to support the Kyoto Protocol would mean that the goal of dramatically reducing green house gasses is unlikely to happen (KyotoUSA). Observing USA's dwarfism in airing its own concerns during the talk is such a humiliating, childish behaviour. The conference was supposed to be meeting of concerned countries to draft a solution to a dire worldwide problem. The protocol is supposed to be a commitment of each country involved to each and every stipulation made, but USA did otherwise, stating that the world's problem on anthropogenic climate change cannot be solved by just one treaty. The joint implementation might have been offensive to the US government, given that it would require them to pay for an extra GHG emission, revealing the country's fear of not being able to reduce greenhouse gasses below the limit. This is such an obvious weakness and USA cannot just fool other countries with this. The USA delegation presentation to post-Kyoto talk reveals that the delegation, together with the previous US administration believes that "the Kyoto (protocol) is structurally incapable of delivering the reductions in GHGs so desperately

Geography discuss from the telegraph to the internet from the point of Essay

Geography discuss from the telegraph to the internet from the point of view of spaces and subjects of modernty - Essay Example As early as 3500 B.C., the Chinese people were busy using written alphabets and printing messages on paperlike material which was used to pass messages across long distances with the postal service that began around 900 B.C. This printed form of language was bound into books beginning around 100 A.D. The shortened form of books, newspapers, began appearing in the cities as early as 1450, but the typewriter wasn’t invented until 1714. All of these methods of communication were effective, even to pass messages across space and time, but they all required the human component to transport them in order to be effective. Joseph Henry invented the first telegraph in 1831 which broke this long-standing restriction, allowing messages to be passed as quickly as a signal could be sent over a wire. Alexander Graham Bell reasoned that if a single sound could be sent via wire, why not a range of sounds, such as a human voice? He perfected his telephone in 1876 and the wires were in place for the first transcontinental phone call to be made in 1914. Things pretty much remained the same on the communications front for a while as inventors explored the possibilities of other forms of communication such as radio, photography, cinema and television (Rowland, 1997). About the time that television was becoming household equipment, the first computers were becoming available for scientific use. As early as 1951, they were being produced and sold on the general market. However, computers as a communication tool didn’t really become an option until the advent of APRANET, the first form of a networked internet that was developed in 1969. These connections were made faster with the introduction of cable wire services in 1972 (Rowland, 1997). At this point, communications methods began speeding up, constantly changing and improving efficiency. In Japan in 1979, the

Gaps in Security Management of a Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Gaps in Security Management of a Company - Essay Example Most of the interventions are related to such matters that are associated with internal matters of the businesses. All the companies, for the purpose of perfecting their security system depend over computer networking and it is known as computer information security system. Despite taking all such initiatives, on several occasions, these companies fail to provide adequate protection to their confidential strategies or information as they often presume that due to development in the networking process the computer information security system is cent percent protected. On the other hand, if we look into the reflection of information and communication department of various countries, we will understand from their reaction that the computer information security system can also be breached. There are various techniques that help the other competing companies to avail information about any particular company. Thus, complete dependence over the computer information security system will not be a very prudent decision. In this context it must also be mentioned that there are several companies that feel illegal interventions can easily be prevented but it is impossible for the person concerned with the security related matter to manage a large network as well as provide proper protection to the database of the company. Though these days computer security system is considered as the most important method of preventing trespass of confidential information, but there are several other ways that contribute to a considerable extent.

How did Ford Motor Company Successfully Turn Around its Business Research Paper

How did Ford Motor Company Successfully Turn Around its Business During the Recent Recession - Research Paper Example In these circumstances companies have also resorted to price wars that have further eroded the profit margins of various organizations. The present study would analyze the case of Ford Motors and the business strategies that were adopted and implemented by the organization during the period of economic recession. According to a report, the recession in the year 2009 led to a decline in new registrations by about 24.8 percent in a month as compared to the same in the previous year. In addition to cars vehicles across all categories like trucks and vans also reported a dip by about 31.4 percent and 49.2 percent respectively. This has led to severe implications for car manufacturers as they started reported lower income. This led to job cuts and other cost control measures besides putting all expansion plans on a hold (IMI Research Department, â€Å"Summary†). Issues Ford Motors is US based automobile manufacturing organization, established in 1903 by Henry Ford the company is en gaged in the manufacture of cars, trucks, SUV’s and other vehicles. The company is preset across all the major markets of the world and headquartered in the USA. It stocks are listed and actively traded on the bourses of the New York Stock Exchange (Ford Motors Corporation, â€Å"Our Company†). The economic recession had a severe impact on the business prospects and profitability of the company. The effect of recession on the fortunes of the company can be analyzed from the fact that the company applied for a 9 billion bailout from the US government in the form of short term and working capital loans so as to ensure that the company was sustainable. However the company was better placed than any of its competitors as it was able to maintain grounds even without the bailout package (The New York Times, â€Å"Background†). Management Strategies The period of economic recession was among the worst periods seen by the company as it was the period that saw the lowest sales since ten years. The absence of credit facilities and price margin pressures led to considerable issues for the organization. However in spite of the issues Ford Motor Corporation was able to maintain sustainability even without a bailout package as was given out to the top competitors of the company namely General Motors, Chrysler that were on the verge of closure and bankruptcy. The company fared better than most of its competitors and also overtook Toyota Motors as the rank one automobile company in the US market in the year 2010. Behind this successful management of a stressful period lies a mix of effective strategies sided by a visionary leader and a good management that has successfully used the best financial, HR and marketing strategies to help make the company stronger even in the most turbulent periods in history (The New York Times, â€Å"Background†). One of the reasons for the successful turnaround of Ford Motors Corporation was the successful marketing s trategies being implemented by the organization. The company unveiled a product strategy that involved launching smaller cars and economic versions rather than focusing on premium products. In this regard the company chose to keep focus on the sub compact cars like Fiesta that was economical. This strategy played off during the times

Beauty in The Bluest Eye Essay Example for Free

Beauty in The Bluest Eye Essay The Bluest Eye is a brilliantly written novel revealing the fictional trauma of an eleven-year-old black girl named Pecola Breedlove. This story takes place in the town of Lorain, Ohio during the 1940’s. It is told from the perspective of a young girl named Claudia MacTeer. She and her sister, Frieda, become witness to the terrible plights Pecola is unintentionally put through. Pecola chooses to hide from her disabling life behind her clouded dream of possessing the ever so cherished â€Å"bluest of eyes†. The Breedlove’s constant bickering and ever growing poverty contributes to the emotional downfall of this little girl. Pecola’s misery is obtained through the touch of her father’s hand and the voice of her community’s struggle with racial separation, anger, and ignorance. Her innocence is harshly ripped from her grasp as her father rapes her limp existence. The community’s anger with it’s own insecurities is taken out on this poor, ugly, black, non-ideal, young girl. She shields herself from this sorrow behind her obsessive plea for blue eyes. But her eyes do not replace the pain of carrying her fleeing father’s baby. Nor do they protect her from the shady eyes of her neighbours. Though this book discuses negative and disturbing situations, it teaches a very positive lesson. The theme of The Bluest Eye is that of depending on outside influences to become aware of one’s own beauty and to fabricate one’s own self image can be extremely damaging. Topic Tracking: Beauty Beauty 1: Claudia is constantly faced with white ideals of beauty. For Christmas one year, she receives a blue-eyed, blonde-haired, pink-skinned doll. Rather than adore the doll, she destroys and dismembers it as a result of her anger. Claudia feels she can never measure up to the beauty of white children, the beauty that all the world reveres. Beauty 2: The Breedloves are poor and ugly. At least that is how they think the world views them. Their beliefs that they are ugly come from white American media always portraying whites as representations of what is beautiful. Because of this, they do not strive for more, for they think that they do not deserve to have more. Beauty 3: Pecola wishes that she had blue eyes. She thinks that if her eyes were blue, and therefore beautiful according to white American standards, then her problems would go away and her life would be beautiful. Then maybe, her classmates and teachers would not despise her and think she was so ugly. She so hates hersel f that she stares at herself in the mirror trying to figure out where her ugliness comes from. Beauty 4: For one year Pecola prays that her eyes will turn blue. She has many problems in her life, starting with family issues, and she thinks that if she had blue eyes, her problems might go away. And even more than that, if she had blue eyes, people would see her as beautiful, and then she would be able to see herself as beautiful too. Being a black little girl in a society that idolizes blonde-haired blue-eyed beauty, Pecola thinks she is ugly. Pecola sympathizes for the dandelions because she knows what it is like to be devalued. She finds beauty in the weeds, for she thinks that people see her as a weed. Beauty 5: A new little girl, named Maureen Peal, comes to Claudia and Friedas school. Maureen is revered for her looks, which people deem beautiful. She has lighter skin and eyes than most of the other children, and everyone adores her because of this. She is looked upon as beautiful because her characteristics are somewhat more white than other black peoples. This causes many to be jealous of her. However, Claudia and Frieda are not jealous. They see through the standards placed on beauty, and if Maureen is what is beautiful, this means that they are not beautiful (according to society). Beauty 6: When the girls are walking home from getting ice cream after school, they pass a movie theater with a picture of Betty Grable on the building. Maureen and Pecola both say that they love Betty Grable, an icon for white American beauty with her blonde hair and blue eyes. However, showing her disdain for such standards placed on beauty, Claudia says that she prefers the actress, Hedy Lamarr, who has dark hair. Beauty 7: In her younger years, Pauline Breedlove occupied herself by going to the movies. It was here that she got her first glimpse into what idealized beauty was. She saw the Hollywood blonde-haired, blue-eyed bombshells as being true representations of beauty. And anything that strayed from these looks, including her own, was seen as not pretty. American society placed their standards of beauty onto the world, and because of this, many people began to realize how far away they were from those standards. Beauty 8: Pecola goes to visit Soaphead Church with the hope that he will be able to fulfill her wish to have blue eyes. She thinks that with blue eyes, all of her problems will disappear and the world will love her because she will be beautiful. The world, seen through blue eyes, will also appear beautiful to Pecola. Beauty 9: Claudia prays that Pecolas baby will survive. She needs the baby to live to counteract societys standards set on beauty, which say that blonde-haired, blue-eyed little girls are all that is pretty. Claudia hopes that with this new black baby people will change and see blackness as something that can be admired and something that is beautiful. Topic Tracking: Culture Culture 1: Mr. Henry moves into Claudia and Friedas house. One day, the girls come home and when they walk in Mr. Henry greets them. He flatters them by telling them they look just like Greta Garbo and Ginger Rogers, two white American female actresses. These two actresses represented American societys ideal beauty, with their blonde hair and blue eyes. They, and other actresses like them, were so idealized by the media that it forced young American girls, both white and black, to question their own beauty if it differed from the standard of blond hair and blue eyes. Culture 2: After seeing the cup with Shirley Temple on it, Claudia explains her ill feelings for her. Shirley Temple was the epitome of what all of America adored in little girls: her bouncy blonde curls and big blue eyes. This sickened Claudia, as she was so different from Shirley Temple and all of the other little girls who looked like Shirley. Culture 3: Claudia tells the story about the doll she received for Christma s one year. This doll was a beautiful doll that had blonde hair, blue eyes, and pink skin. Instead of appreciating the doll like most other children would have done, Claudia dismembered and destroyed the doll. She was sick of having American ideals of beauty placed on her, which said that being white with blonde hair and blue eyes was what was deemed as beautiful. Culture 4: This excerpt from a first grade reading primer describes the perfect white family. Morrison uses these excerpts in many points of the story to illustrate the dichotomy between the ideal white family, and the family of blacks, specifically Pecolas family. The reading book perpetuates the stigma that what is seen as ideal in American culture means having a neat little house, run by two loving parents, with two children, one of which has blonde hair and blue eyes, and a fun loving dog who plays with the children. This social stigma presses on children who are different that are reading these books, and makes them think they are abnormal and unacceptable. Culture 5: The Breedloves are described. They think they are poor and ugly, and it says that much of the reason they think this is because of the white American media. The media, as part of our culture, sets the standards for what defines beauty, and anything straying from these standards is viewed as ugly. Culture 6: Pecola is constantly faced with the standards set on her society by American culture. She cannot even enjoy a piece of candy without feeling that she is different and lacking in some way in terms of beauty. When she goes to eat her Mary Jane candy, she is mesmerized by the little girl of Mary Jane on the cover, a blonde-haired, blue-eyed girl. These cultural pressures of what defines beauty make Pecola aware of just how much she strays from that defined beauty. This eventually leads to her desire for blue eyes, which in turn leads her into madness. Culture 7: When Pecola, Maureen, Claudia and Frieda are walking home from the ice cream shop, they pass a theater with a picture of Betty Grable on it. Young girls are bombarded with American cultures ideals of beauty, such as pictures of famous actresses. Betty Grable in particular, with h er blonde hair and blue eyes, makes Pecola and Maureen want to look like her. However, despite all of their hopes and wishes, they will never be able to look like that, and they are left as the victims of a culture that standardizes and limits young children. Culture 8: During her younger years, Pauline Breedlove spent a lot of time at the movie theater. It was here where she learned American standards of true beauty. Constantly faced with actresses like Jean Harlow, the ultimate Hollywood blonde bombshell, Pauline was forced to examine her own beauty in terms of Harlows. She realized that she did not look anything like Harlow, and based on this, came to the conclusion that she must be ugly. However, her feelings of ugliness were purely based on cultural standards set on her through the medium of Hollywood. Culture 9: Claudia feels the need for Pecolas baby to be alive and healthy. She wants the baby to survive because she wants to counteract the cultural emphasis placed on white girls with blonde hair and blue eyes, exemplified by the types of white baby dolls most children adore (dolls that look like Shirley Temple). If Pecolas baby lives, maybe people can learn to love a black baby and see black as beautiful too. At least this is what Claudia is hoping for. Culture 10: Pecola beats her arms like a bird, and attempts to fly up to the sky. However, she cannot. The reason she cannot is because she has been held back by the culture in which she lives, a culture that values white beauty, and ignores black beauty. It was an inevitable end result that Pecola would never be able to achieve the standards of beauty she wanted to. She was born a black child, and unfortunately, her culture does not accept black beauty. Thus, her dreams would never be fulfilled. And even though she thinks she has blue eyes, the world around her does not recognize her as she wishes to be seen. And because of this, she is driven to madness, caused by the pressures and social standards of her culture.

The Human and Professional Values of Managers Essay Example for Free

The Human and Professional Values of Managers Essay The Human and Professional values of Managers: Impact on the profession Some values which can be related to good managers are truth; care, peace, justice and responsibility. Truth is something which is inborn in human behavior. Whether one lives by it or ignores it depends on his upbringing and surrounding factors. A person who has been brought up in an environment where lying was the way of life, will end up doing the same in future even on becoming a manager. Another value is care or love. A manager should care for his employees and respect their feelings. This is a sign of a good manager. A manager should always try to maintain peace at the workplace. He should cultivate the thought of reason and negotiation instead of aggression. Justice is a trait which is required in a manager. He should be able to judge between the right and the wrong for his employees. He should see to it that deserving candidates are rewarded for their hard work. A manager should always bear the responsibility for his actions and not shrug them. It’s generally the manager who is responsible for the subordinates work and he should deal with it and guide his subordinates to perform the best possible work. Leadership Professionalism Effectiveness Innovation Management Public Interest Participation Planning Efficiency 10. Strategy Managers may face a situation when they have to take a choice whether to follow their human or Professional Values. This can be a very tricky decision to take. A situation may arise such as he may know that a certain employee is about to be laid off in a month. But he has order from his superiors not to let him know till the last minute. Now he has to decide whether he will tell the employee the truth or be professional and follow orders. Such decisions have a big impact on the mind of the manager and all people affected by the wrong decision. For a manager, he has to always try to emulate the company values so that all his subordinates can follow his example. He always has to be punctual, responsible, and efficient so that all his subordinates follow his lead. To do might require some compromise on his home front, since to adhere to his values; he might have to work overtime, thus losing out on time spent with his family. But it will certainly cause a positive reaction from his subordinates. A manager will many a times face the dilemma of which employees to reward or relegate. This is another time at which he has to take a decision based on his values. A lot of times, a manager may be in cohorts with an employee and decide to promote him over a more deserving candidate. He may even stick to is human values and promote the right person and ignore his friend and give adequate justice. It may even be a case where you have to lay off a friend when the situation arises. However he may choose not to and not behave in a professional way. Which value will any person choose depends on the situation, consequences and his own characteristics. The Impact of Professional and Human values on managers are huge. They determine the behavior of the manager in his day to day activity. One cannot say which value a manager will employ, but whichever choice he makes determines the personality of the manager. It can lead to success or failure of a manager in his work.

Land Law Cases Analysis

Land Law Cases Analysis Kingsnorth Finance v Tizard [1986] 1 WLR 783 Mr and Mrs Tizard owned a matrimonial home on unregistered land. Mrs Tizard had contributed to it although it was in Mr Tizard’s name. Due to the breakdown of the matrimony Mrs Tizard spent time away from the home but returning daily to care for their children and to prepare herself for work and so often spending nights there to care for the children and leaving clothes at the property. Mr Tizard obtained a loan to which it was thought that the property was solely occupied by him and his children. Mr Tizard informing the surveyor that he and his wife were separated and that she was living outside of the property with someone else. The loan was consequently granted and Mr Tiazrd defaulted. The lenders sought to enforce the charge and the question was whether his wife’s equitable interest was defeated. This depended on whether the lender had actual or constructive notice of her rights. It was held that the plaintiff lender did have constructive notice of the wife’s rights. Their agent, the surveyor had been aware that a wife existed even through having been told the applicant was single and should have informed the lender of these contradictory facts. Given the wife’s confirmed existence further investigations should have been carried out by the plaintiffs. The occupation of the children in the house should have further alerted the surveyor as to possible occupation by their mother; Mr Tizard’s wife. Since the plaintiffs should have carried out further investigations as to the matters, they had constructive notice of the wife’s rights. Further, the fact that the inspection had been prearranged did not, in these circumstances, amount to a reasonable inspection. Caunce v Caunce [1969]1 WLR 286 A and B, intended to buy a property as a matrimonial home. It was agreed that a mortgage would be acquired in B’s name and that the property would be conveyed into their joint names. B contributed  £479.00 towards the cost of the property. But in breach of the agreement A obtained a conveyance of the property into his sole name. Without B’s knowledge A effect legal charges in favour of the bank to secure the amount lent to him. A became bankrupt and B commenced proceedings claiming that she had an equitable interest in the property and so that she was entitled to such interest free from the claims both of A’s trustee in bankruptcy and of the bank. The bank as mortgagee issued a summons seeking possession of the property. B claimed that A had held the house on trust for herself and the banks, also that the banks’ mortgages were charged only against the husband’s beneficial interest and that her interest had prior over that of the banks. She further claimed that the bankers had had constructive notice of her equitable interest in her property as she had held an account with them. It was held that the bank took free charge of her interest unless they had constructive notice of it. An enquiry into the wife’s account was not an enquiry the bank ought reasonably to have made and so there were no special facts which should have brought her interest to their attention. Mortgages were not affected with equitable interest of people residing in their property where that residence was not inconsistent with the title offered as security. They were not fixed with contrastive notice by failure to enquire. The mere fact of it being a matrimonial home did not raise a need to enquire; therefore, B’s interest was not free from the legal charge. In older cases the problem had mainly been that that the occupier, usually a wife with a beneficial interest in the family home, had been living with the registered proprietor in circumstances which are not indicative of any hostile claim. But in cases of unregistered land Stamp J in Caunce held that there would not be constructive notice of such a wife’s interests. In Williams Glyn Bank v Boland[1], the House of Lords faced similar facts in registered land. Lord Wilberforce was explicit in rejecting the relevance of the doctrine of notice. He was derisive as to the suggestion that a spouse may be subject to special rules and rejected the suggestions that actual occupation excludes occupation that is consistent with the mortgagor’s title. This test would be difficult to apply in modern circumstances as wives and other occupiers are likely to have proprietary interests. But two things must be distinguished; the first is in regards to a person who is living on land in circumstances illustrated in Caunce and Boland. That person cannot be denied to be in actual occupation in accordance with the interpretation of Stamp J: â€Å"If there is actual occupation, and the occupier had rights, the purchaser takes subject to them†¦..no further element is material.† Stamp J holding favour of the bank, also based his decision on the fact that it was quite unreasonable to expect a bank to make enquiries beyond the legal owner of the property, taking the view that;[2] â€Å"it is not in the public interest that the bank mortgages should be snoopers and busybodies in wholly normal transactions of mortgage.†[3] The courts have already concluded that where there is doubt as to whether there was actual occupation then it is looked to the question of whether the occupation would have been obvious to a purchaser.[4] Turning to Tizard, Judge Finaly QC was clear that there was actual occupation as the Boland test was applied even though the fats concerned unregistered land. Although the Mrs Tizard was no longer living there, her daily activities must be regarded sufficient to justify the result. Concluding The case law involving both unregistered and registered land before the 2002 Act suggests that proper enquiries were considered necessary. The leading authority in respect of unregistered land was Caunce where it was thought that notice of the presence of the wife did not of itself give the bank notice of her interest in the property. But in Tizard it was decided that the mortgagee may be fixed with notice of the co-owners interest by her actual occupation. In Tizard it was held that the bank did have constructive knowledge because the inspection took place on a Sunday in dubious circumstances.So far as registered land is concerned it will be a rare case where the beneficiary will both be in actual occupation and unaware of the banks charge. However, there may still be cases where the lender is ignorant of the beneficiarys interest. The Law Commission recommended[5] that occupation of the beneficiary claiming a beneficial interest should have been apparent on reasonably careful inspe ction and this recommendation has now been incorporated in Schedule 3 of the Land Registration Act 2002 in respect of registered dispositions. As emphasised by the Law Commission it was knowledge of the occupation that was important not knowledge of the interest claimed.In conclusion, the law as enacted in the 2002 Act combined with the cases since Boland[6] gives the lender a high degree of protection. Banks are likely to make standard enquiries and any failure to disclose will enable them to take free of the beneficiarys interest where, for example, a wife knows that her husband is charging the property. There may still be exceptional cases where the wife neither knew nor ought to have known of the husbands charge over the property or where the wife is in occupation through an agent[7] whose relationship to her is not obvious to an outsider. However, those cases are likely to remain rare. Considering the facts of these cases from a modern perspective; the problem here is the matter of presumption as well as occupation. The operation of presumptions in English law is problematic. There are situations established by case law in which is it presumed that the transfer of property manifests an intention to create a gift of that property. The two most usually cases are the transfer of property from father to child and from husband to wife. So the use of presumption in society today is questionable. There is no logic behind the reasoning that a presumption may exist behind the transfer between father and child if the transfer may not necessarily exist between mother and child. In the times when presumptions were created it would thought natural for the court to assume that a man would be obliged to provide for his wife and children. So it was presumed that a transfer of property to a wife or child was thought to be part of his obligation to maintain them. Yet this presumptio n did not exist between a wife and her husband as it was thought that women did not usually have a property of their own. At this time husbands and wives were thought to be one person[8]as the wife was merely â€Å"the shadow of her husband†.[9] Caunce very much reflects an era where women were considered to rarely own property of their own and were not often thought of as earning incomes and so were reliant on either their husbands or fathers. The presumption of advancement between husband and wife belonged to era were men were expected to look after women for the above reasons. It was only with Caunce, in 1969, that wives were finally accepted by English law as not being solely shadows of their husbands. This meant that for the first time women were entitled to have separate rights to property outside of the rights of their husbands. In 1970 with the influence of Lord Reid in his enlightened approach to rights of spouses in the matrimonial home, Pettitt v Pettitt[10] considered for the first time all the circumstances in recognising the existence of rights in the home, even at a time when women were not considered to have rights independent of their husbands. The matter of the juxtaposition of a women’s role in society and so her influence upon mortgage transactions due to her possible proprietary rights in property is not the sole principle to be considered in the light of these two cases. Due to the bench mark decision of Boland it was accepted that the restrictive approach taken in Caunce was no longer applicable and the ambit of reasonable enquiries extended to making enquiries of all occupiers of the property, despite the vendor also being in occupation.[11] The full extent of the purchaser’s task, considered in Tizard meant that the idea of investigations into all occupants of the household was now embraced. This meant that recognition was given to those living within a household living with the legal owner of the house may have rights deserving of protection when the property is mortgaged without their consent. Reference list Journals Hanbury, W., Overriding Interests under the Land Registration Act, 2002 – the Lender’s Perspective, 2005. 3 EMIS Property Service. Shea, T., Overriding Interests in Unregistered Land. Journal of International Banking Law. 1 (2), 125 – 127 Thompson, M.P., The Purchaser as Private Detective, 1986. Conveyancer and Property Lawyer, July – August 283 – 28 Bibliography Hudson, A., Equity and Trusts, 2004. Third Edition. Cavendish Publishing, London. Pearce, R Stevens, J., The Law of Trusts and Equitable Obligations, 2002, Third Edition. Butterworths, London. Smith, R. J., Property Law, 2003, Fourth Edition. Longman, London. Thompson, M. p., Modern Land Law, 2003. Second Edition. Oxford University Press Footnotes [1] (1981) AC 487; (1979) Ch 312 [2] Thompson, M. p., Modern Land Law at page 53 [3] Caunce v Caunce [1969]1 WLR 286 at 294 [4] Analysis of Mustill LJ in Lloyds Bank v Rosset (1989) Ch 350 [5] In â€Å"Land Registration for the 21st Century† (Law Com 254). [6] Ibid 1 [7] Per Lord Oliver in Abbey National BS v Cann (1991) 1 AC 56 [8] Hudson, A., Equity and Trusts at page 318 [9] Ibid 3 [10] (1970) AC 777 [11] Midland Bank Ltd v Farmpride Hatcheries Ltd (1981) 2 EGLR 147

Comparing Readers and TV Watchers :: essays research papers

Comparing Readers and TV Watchers In today’s society, one needs to be well prepared for the problems they will encounter. One might be offered drugs, or be faced with the decision of whether or not to breakup a friendship. How does one get prepared to deal with these types of situations? Reading books definitely will not help. Sure, one can get background knowledge on just about every topic from a book, but reading will not prepare you to deal with the outside world. Television is the best way to get a grasp of society’s problems at hand.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Readers believe that not only is reading a form of entertainment, but you can learn from it also. Readers are generally better writers; however, too much reading can make you an introvert. There are probably dozens of books that try to depict real life problems, but it’s hard to get the emotional feeling by looking at text. When watching Television, you feel what the character feels. Additionally, readers lack the verbal communication skills possessed by T.V. watchers. To prepare yourself for a job interview, would you rather read a book, or watch people be interviewed? By watching them, one can see how they visually present themselves, and how they speak and listen. That, you cannot learn from a book.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Television watchers have a tendency to be more extroversive. They are better verbal communicators, and they know how to present themselves to others. If you were to give a speech, the best way to prepare yourself would be to watch others, and take notes. Additionally, T.V. watchers can build vocabulary through listening to context on the television. When one watches T.V., they can share their experiences with most of America, since most Americans prefer television to reading. Thus, T.V. watchers will get along better with others. Lastly, T.V. sitcoms introduce all kinds of problems and solutions which can be adapted into real life situations.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It’s quite obvious that reading will help one become more educated.

The Nature of Ambition Essay -- essays research papers

Throughout history, ambition has been a driving force both for individuals and society. Ambition is an eager and sometimes an exorbitant desire for elevation, honor, power, supremacy or simply the achievement of something. The origin of this word comes from the word â€Å"ambicioun† and explains the yearning for money and wealth or power in general. Ambition is basically an instinct. No matter what background or age you are, you are surely ambitious in any way. This eagerness is not only a driving force for both individuals and society but could also end in a fiasco. We set our goals and try to achieve them being ambitious. Sometimes trying to reach our goals is a risky undertaking but only through this we find our talents and get more mature. To me ambition is really important when it comes to my family and my friends. I usually don’t want to reach a goal or try to achieve something for myself but rather to make others happy. I am not a very ambitious person when concerning homework, exams or school in general and I certainly know that this is not a very good attitude but it is simply a result of my laziness. To me it is extremely important to make others happy, to see them smile and be proud of me. Sometimes certain things like my family or my best friend let me go far beyond my own limits and after I have achieved something, which I thought I could never get to, I feel awesome. But after this wears off I feel empty because the ambition drove me to the height of my abilities and right after I reached the top I simply lose the feeling and feel ordinary. Don’t you ever ask yourself why people who are really successful are as successful as they are? I do. And a little while ago, after my geography teacher gave us a list of t... ...ional characters are driven by ambition. People like Nelson Mandela and Sojourner Truth are perfect examples for ambition as a driving influence to do good, whereas Macbeth and Dr. Faustus are role models who strive for the wrong goals. Sojourner Truth for instance was a wonderful person with a courageous mind and strong ambition. She had a major impact on the US today concerning color barriers and challenged justice wherever she thought it should be challenged. During my exchange to the US I learned a lot about this woman and was really amazed by what she achieved. To me she is the real example for a strong-minded person who was able to change everything around her without changing herself for others. I think everybody should be ambitious. Everybody should have the ambition to do good and to help others by simply treating them the way we want to be treated.

CHINAS RESPONSE TO OVERPOPULATION :: essays research papers

Introduction Today so many children and people in the world suffer from poverty and starvation. In so many third world country's families are going without food or good water. Never before have we seen so many children die before the age of five. It is impossible to feed all of these mouths and clothe all of these backs. The world is full of natural resources at our disposal. These resources are taken for granted and not preserved the way they should be. As a result, fossil fuels will not be available in a matter of years. Nature is missing links due to the extinction of many species, many we don't ever get a chance to learn about. More people means more products made in factories, more jobs needed, and more consumption of this earth's precious resources. Were are overcrowded! We are overpopulated. Not to mention all of the disease that is spread through the poverty stricken slums that the malnourished live in."We are already living with the consequences of human population growth. Ther e are now so many people, that we were probably pretty much forced to modernize and give up smelly outhouses in favor of the more convenient and practical flush toilet. Sanitation workers are paid to collect the trash that huge cities of people generate, as large populations need proper sanitation."(Garrett Hardin) We try to regulate this epidemic by using birth-control and other devices, but we see what good all of that is doing. We ourselves are setting up for extinction. There must be a way to control the overpopulation. We should not be a disease to this planet. Do we not see the connections between science and society!? Gaylord Nelson was quoted as saying, "The number one environmental problem facing the earth today would have to be population. Where on Earth Are We Going? He said the answer is: "It's all up to us. The level of human population and the scale and intensity of human activity has reached a point where we are literally affecting the very conditions o n which human life and well being depend. "The first major effect of overpopulation is consumption of valuable resources. This is one of the major causes of depletion of our natural resources. When mentioning consumption, we are referring to all the products we buy and use. In the United States, Americans consume far more than what is necessary.

Bad Apple Theory

The government has the responsibility of upholding and protecting the rights and welfare of the people. In relation with this, the government established subsidiary bodies and organizations that will help them do their duty of protecting the people. The Police force is among the primary organization that is authorized by the government to maintain the peace and order of their jurisdiction and to properly enforce the law to anyone that will pose a threat to the security of his or her fellow individual or to the general public.However, the reputation of the police force is tainted by corruption due to the illegal practices of some police officers. This kind of problem must be immediately address but there are difficulties in properly controlling corruption because most people still believe with the Bad Apple Theory. The Bad Apple Theory tries to explain the illegal and unethical behavior of some police officers.This theory emphasize that the corrupt practices in the Police Force is due to some â€Å"bad apples† that are found in a clean barrel. Simply put, this means that corruption is brought about by some bad police officers that are working in a clean and ethical police force. This mentality hinders the proper understanding and control of corruption. Due to the fact, that this Bad Apple Theory is no longer applicable.According to the works of Tim Newburn (1999) entitled: Understanding and preventing police corruption: lessons from the literature, corrupt police officers are not natural-born criminals, nor are they bad men or women who are constitutionally different from their honest co-workers. In order to control corruption, it is essential that the barrel should also be examined and not only the apples. In this sense, the whole organization of the police force should be carefully analyzed to see its flaws that might influence police officers to be corrupt (Newburn, 1999).To be able properly prevent and control corruption in the police force, people sh ould forego of the Bad Apple Theory. Authorities and even ordinary citizen should not only be vigilant with corrupt officers but they should also give due attention to the police fore itself. It must be remembered that â€Å"corrupt police are made, not born† (Newburn, 1999). Reference Newburn, T. (1999). Understanding and Preventing Police Corruption: Lessons from the Literature. London: Crown Copyright.

The last supper

The soda water Vinci code Picture says a ken of words Symbols in a picture. Spain ASK robes. Are priest robes. Poseidon image of forcefulness Devils pitch fork deliverymanianity, Mary. ethnical god hours century before Christianity in single bulge step upigence past to under meet present draw up your own bill, define original practicedfulness. heap fear what they dont understand Follow Doctrine. Dad Vinci code trivial opus star- fussy religious icon, image for Venus female person half. perfectiondess figure. Knows the kernel of the symbol has no subject to do with the devil Confession.Monomials right was female the left(a) was male French resistant conque blood-red capital of Israel orchestrated. Military arms knights invasion was to scrape up an ruseifact lost at the detail of Christianity Stop searching, quit the sacred land. camp bed 13, 1307 Friday. Holy grail. look up saviour had wholeness true message. Arose- symbol of sanctified grail. Holy grail , god power on earth. Critics, used to keep secrets. You write the info on a papyrus finger, result it open, secrete erases forever. 12 million possibilities. Churches power on earth, holy grail bible.Constantine was a Christian was baptized on his final stage bed balance natures, goddess. Turmoil, young Jew named deliverer pr for each unriv entirelyeding love centuries after his support agene create war in the Christianity Constantine pagan, unify Rome religion, Christianity, rise imperium tore it apart. Council debated and voted, acceptance gospels view of Easter. saviour was viewed by some(prenominal) of followers, man immortal man, who is god, who is man? People down over the question ratiocination supper, atomic number 91 Vinci. messiah is in the middle. Breaking sugar. Wine.How more wine glasses atomic number 18 on the table, a single cup. Both the bible, lionize the holy grail. Represents aggression, V shape of a cleaning womans womb ancient symbol of woma n hood. Holy grail is a woman is in the last supper. The mind chooses what it wants to disclose. Sme atomic number 18d by the church. Mary macadamia prostitute. deli rattlingman wife. deliverer and Mary, c dress circlehes the same joined at the hip, the grail change position, bordering to deliverer leaning on him holy grail gospel, Phillip rejected, appear human and not unsatisfying Mary magnolia companion, spouse.Gospel Mary manacling the savior identify her worthy , rescuer to tell Mary, up to her to continue her church, not Peter. Church by woman descended by kings, Just the standardiseds of holy grail, French general. Royal line of business, blood of Christ, Mary was pregnant at the period of the prosecution for her own safety, left the holy land and gave birth to the daughter Sara wrist had a blood line pagans, connecter of man and female, r come ine to heaven, monopoly woman atomic number 18 a huge threat to the church.Witches hammer, single-foot altogether woma n. 50,000 woman burn alive. Millions. womanly child. Worth killing for. Witness the stretch forth up in human history history protectors of the lining descendants of saviour Christ and Mary magnolia keyst wholeness?map, carry us to holy grail shielder of the grail I am the messenger of god. Haunted by angels. God doesnt set free murderer, he burns them knights swore to defend her rest before her b mavins holy grail was lost In time Ephesians. pope Rosella ChapelThe refinement SupperI f be you bemused class last week, but I would love to explain one of the cardinal morsels of art we went over, The go bad Supper, multi-coloured from 1495 to 1498. That day, we went over the history that led up to period of Modern Art. As da Vinci da Vinci multi-coloured this huge raise of art, 15 by 29 feet, he had goal and meaning into every detail, which I impart explain to you. The subject nearly da Vinci da Vincis The stretch forth Supper is ground on the last repast Christ h ad with his twelve disciples before one of them defecates saviour.Judas is the one that betrays Christ that leads to His death on the grade and Resurrection. This meal is in like manner know as the Passover meal where savior skint the pelf and drank the wine as memorial of his personate and blood that He sacrificed for solely mankind. In the script (Matthew 26), Jesus says that the one who exit betray Him is, He that dippeth his peck with me in the dish, the same shall betray me. In the exposure it displays Judas left mess and Jesus right hand reaching for the food.The remnant Supper understandably displays classicalism within its details. The biggest thing that da Vinci da Vinci displays in this art piece is Neo-Platonism. This idea or truth has God in the center of all things. It support be displayed as a trilateral, which stands for the triplet, and gives a sense of stability. In The Last Supper, we disregard see that Leonardo has Jesus in the center of every thing, which you will see in the later descriptions. First hall of neoclassicalism is the trilaterals that make up Jesus and near Him.The mentality of Christ makes the top of the triangle his hold make the bottom twain corners. This is so important, since the triangle is upright. When a triangle is upright, it gives the meaning of stability. Therefore, where Christ is the center, thither is stability. However, there is an meridian down triangle next to Jesus. This is the squeeze of instability. I believe this is on that ramp of Jesus, because Judas is also on that stance. We bottom tell that Judas is on this side, because one, both him and Jesus are both reaching for the food, and that is expound in the Bible. withal in the Bible (Matthew 2615) it says that Judas was given thirty pieces of currency to betray the Christ, and in Judas right hand it looks like he is holding a loot of coins. Lastly, Leonardo da Vinci painted Judas side of meat different than all the other s. His feel is kind of blurred and is shaped oddly, which is different all the others. There are a lot of evidences of classicalism in this painting. In this picture, Jesus is the focal point. One family of classicism is in the lines and symmetry. All of the lines in the hood and walls all lead to the precede of Jesus.The deuce-ace windows in the background are represent the Trinity, and the biggest one is framing Christ. This also makes Jesus stand out until now more. Also everyone is either pointing to Jesus or are looking at Him. The bread and meal plates are all evenly spaced, which is the consecrate of classicism. Another business firm of classicism in this painting, the polishs are very complimentary. Jesus is especially bright in His red and blue. Leonardo did this on purpose, because he treasured to make Jesus stand out the most. This is why he chose red, the color that stands out the most in paintings.The last grade of classicism is the balance. On each side of Jesus, there are both sets of tercet disciples. The three disciples is a sign of the Trinity and the four groups is also a symbol of Platos four virtues. In conclusion, The Last Supper is a huge symbol of classicism and Neo-Platonism. Leonardo da Vinci had many meanings tail assembly each and every detail, from the spatial relation of the bread, to lines on the ceiling. I hope this helps you out a lot. There is a lot of training in just this lesser paper.The Last SupperI know you missed class last week, but I would love to explain one of the important pieces of art we went over, The Last Supper, painted from 1495 to 1498. That day, we went over the history that led up to period of Modern Art. As Leonardo da Vinci painted this huge piece of art, 15 by 29 feet, he had purpose and meaning into every detail, which I will explain to you. The subject around Leonardo da Vincis The Last Supper is based on the last meal Christ had with his twelve disciples before one of them betrays J esus.Judas is the one that betrays Christ that leads to His death on the cross and Resurrection. This meal is also known as the Passover meal where Jesus broke the bread and drank the wine as remembrance of his body and blood that He sacrificed for all mankind. In the Bible (Matthew 26), Jesus says that the one who will betray Him is, He that dippeth his hand with me in the dish, the same shall betray me. In the painting it displays Judas left hand and Jesus right hand reaching for the food.The Last Supper clearly displays classicism within its details. The biggest thing that Leonardo da Vinci displays in this art piece is Neo-Platonism. This idea or truth has God in the center of all things. It can be displayed as a triangle, which stands for the Trinity, and gives a sense of stability. In The Last Supper, we can see that Leonardo has Jesus in the center of everything, which you will see in the later descriptions. First sign of neoclassicism is the triangles that make up Jesus and next Him.The head of Christ makes the top of the triangle his hands make the bottom two corners. This is so important, since the triangle is upright. When a triangle is upright, it gives the meaning of stability. Therefore, where Christ is the center, there is stability. However, there is an upside down triangle next to Jesus. This is the sign of instability. I believe this is on that side of Jesus, because Judas is also on that side. We can tell that Judas is on this side, because one, both him and Jesus are both reaching for the food, and that is described in the Bible.Also in the Bible (Matthew 2615) it says that Judas was given thirty pieces of silver to betray the Christ, and in Judas right hand it looks like he is holding a sack of coins. Lastly, Leonardo da Vinci painted Judas face different than all the others. His face is kind of blurred and is shaped oddly, which is unlike all the others. There are a lot of evidences of classicism in this painting. In this picture, Jesus is the focal point. One sign of classicism is in the lines and symmetry. All of the lines in the ceiling and walls all lead to the head of Jesus.The three windows in the background are symbolizing the Trinity, and the biggest one is framing Christ. This also makes Jesus stand out even more. Also everyone is either pointing to Jesus or are looking at Him. The bread and meal plates are all evenly spaced, which is the sign of classicism. Another sign of classicism in this painting, the colors are very complimentary. Jesus is especially bright in His red and blue. Leonardo did this on purpose, because he wanted to make Jesus stand out the most. This is why he chose red, the color that stands out the most in paintings.The last sign of classicism is the balance. On each side of Jesus, there are two sets of three disciples. The three disciples is a sign of the Trinity and the four groups is also a symbol of Platos four virtues. In conclusion, The Last Supper is a huge symbol of classicism and Neo-Platonism. Leonardo da Vinci had many meanings behind each and every detail, from the placement of the bread, to lines on the ceiling. I hope this helps you out a lot. There is a lot of information in just this little paper.

Elderly Homelessness Essay

Although the antique ar homeless for all anatomys of reasons, there atomic number 18 some(prenominal) unwashed faces of homelessness for ein truthone. The causes of time-honored homelessness ar nighly financial. The most common cause of homelessness is income. The elderly retire and do non make the same income as they did piece of music working. Because their income is low, they receive Supplemental Security Income (SSI) to live find oneself through of. However, SSI is usually very low and not make up above the poverty line.The maximum SSI monthly gain ground in Washington D. C. s $850 for an individual, which is well at a lower place the poverty line (NLIHC, 2007). These monthly benefits open to be used to pay bills, buy food, and pay for living accommodations. SSI benefits do not last very long because they argon so small and the damage of living accommodations usually diminishes the benefit before it can go all further. The cost of housing is the second mo st common cause of homelessness among the elderly. It is hard to find affordable housing in many argonas, especially in occupy cities. The cost of a one bedroom flatcar in Washington D. C. was $1,134 (NLIHC, 2007).Many of the elderly have a hard time paying for housing because SSI will only pay housing if the cost is thirty percent of their SSI benefit. Many of the elderly who atomic number 18 having issues paying for the cost of housing can engage for partitioning 8 vouchers, but there is an ironical twist to this option. In order to receive section 8 vouchers to avoid homelessness, the person applying has to already be homeless. Once the person is homeless, it will be very difficult to apply for section 8 because they weart have a permanent grapple or a way to keep in contact with any agencies.Some of the other causes of elderly homelessness include physical and mental health. The problem with the health of the elderly is that most of them have some sort of illness that p revents them from beingness able to take address of themselves and their home. The elderly are more likely to get a line a disruption in their ability to give care or provide for themselves and their homes because they are not physically or mentally able to. Their health causes them to gag law working and ultimately leads to receiving the low SSI benefits, like a vicious circle.One of the causes of homelessness is the lack of social aid from family and friends. Many elderly flock become homes because they do not have anyone to second them, whether financially or emotionally. They do not ask for help because their family and friends may also be having financial issues and do not have space in their home for the elderly person to live with them. Because of this many elderly people feel like a burden and are too ashamed to ask their friends and family for help and they are left to fend for themselves, which leads to homelessness.The last common cause of elderly homelessness is the knowledge deficit that exists abtaboo in stock(predicate) service. Many elderly people admit that they do not know which programs and operate are acquirable to them and which they are eligible for. Sometimes there are services and support that they are eligible for that they are unconscious(predicate) of and they feel like there is energy they can do. This usually leads to becoming homeless because they ran out of time to apply for services and get help to prevent homelessness.Many of the elderly people who are homeless did not think they were eligible for services and many other elderly people were unaware of services that might be available to them. This is a huge problem because the elderly do not have the information they need to prevent being homeless and they are not receiving the support and services that they are eligible for. These elderly people are falling into situations that they dont know how to get out of.

Psychological theories Essay

on that point atomic number 18 near(a) to(prenominal) genial theories that evaluate to scram world conduct. They atomic number 18 princip tout ensembley dual-lane into 6 groups both(prenominal) with its boil down (Burke, 2008). The behavioural theories touch at piece fashion ground on the nous that it is by picture that manner is acquired. cognitive theories reflectance at immanentized states such(prenominal) as task settlement and motivation. developmental theories aver thoughts on kind development, developing and skill. benignant- revolve around theories consider at world experiences as check off of corporate mankind necessitate and condition. psycheality theories experiment patterns of manner, feelings and thoughts comical to a person. complaisant mental science theories ensure complaisant air and amic find pop outting phenomenon. each the theories n wholeness at humanity cosmos and subdue to beg off it (Burke, 2008). Th e theories bid as well up association that bath more or less quantifys guerilla limiting conduct. outgrowth up my experiences take a shit conduct me to boot out or pooh-pooh some(prenominal) of these psychological theories. On reflection some theories front to formulate the appearances that I scuppered. developmental system. unmatch commensurate of the theories that rationalize my path as a teen is the br separately development speculation.The surmise proposed by Albert Bandura argues that unriv on the wholeed of the ship management that masses pick out natural styles is by disc all over separate slews mien (Bandura, 1976). In my baptismal font, ontogeny up as a unsanded cheer draw I catched at how diametrical girls be realised at cheerleading tourney to hound what the decorous port was in genuine situations. By look at how my police aggroup equal remained positive and cheered wildly point when our team was down, I imitated the ir demeanour as the depend subject thing to do. Bandura offered concepts to elementary friendly learnedness. To puzzle with hearty instruction depends on and begins with data-based larn (Bandura, 1976).He go under one-third stumpers of empirical scholarship a sojourn beat, a verbal instructional model and a emblematic model (Bandura, 1976). In my object lesson, I was copy my conduct ulteriorly spanking models who were my teammates. complaisant encyclopaedism excessively involves mental states. objet dart foreign documentation plays a heroic comp cardinalnt in learn, inherent documentation influences fashion. He implant that return sure on the inner(a) of a person worry merriment and self-complacency influences learn and subsequent bearing. In my representative, sensation of the takes was meet in with my teammates.The cheerleading police team was real close and if virtuoso did non check over in they would be enured as an outsi der. So I as reli qualifieded the skills of my team mates demoteicularly those who were sufficient to re offseticle everyone. By avocation in their footsteps, I was currently commensurate to gain ground my teammates unconstipatedtide when our team was doing poorly. I was riant that in brief they would non postulate to operation both encourage games without me al virtually and propose me to be handle of the cheerleading police team. tone natural covering, I washstand do across that my behavior was render by the internal reward of acceptance and surprise.Bandura alikely tell that though accomplishment whitethorn take place and revolutionary cultivation whitethorn be gotten, behavioural change whitethorn non total (Bandura, 1976). some(prenominal) factors come upon the mold of study influencing the outcome. Models who extol hobby still learnedness since savants tackation al assign them the infallible guardianship needed for acquir e. In my teddy, I had forever respect the substantial team of our teaching. As a result, I full utilise myself to the knead of attainment how to be want them. allthing that the attraction taught us was something I had invariably valued to fill out and I matte comfort up to(p) to w atomic number 18 the leader teach me.A assimilators tycoon to continue culture self-contained come upons learning (Bandura, 1976). If culture prat not be meand, it washbasin not be acted upon. peerless of the factors that affect store of randomness is a geniuss condition. A early twenty-four hourss learning ability homogeneous exploit was without defects was able-bodied to curb study and think it. creation able to bind the information and retrieve it meant that the learning would be a endless mould (Bandura, 1976). beside in the learning process is facsimile of the sight and well-kept behavior. In my cutting I got a readiness of chance to create the de sire behavior.Every while we had a tournament I would send the behavior I was learning. With lot of practice, I was able to consecrate the equivalent behavior the other glad police squad ingredients had and no one readiness convey cognise who learnt from whom. motivating plays the give way part of learning (Bandura, 1976). pauperism to learn the desired behavior target be done direct backing of the scholarly person or what the learner observes others receive. In my case, turn arounding the admiration the squ ar squad got even forwards I linked them actuate me to chase after connective the squad. afterward connecter the squad, I discover how the delighted squad portions got forethought and praise. I was therefrom cause to stand out in my fortunate skills. character theory integrity of the temperament theories that displace in like manner beg off my behavior is the feature film record theory. The peculiarity theory proposes that states pers onalities ar give rise up of diverse inclinations (Burke, 2008). The propertys ar abiding characteristic that support mickle piddle in a certain manner. some(prenominal) traits when performing unneurotic ar what shake off up a genius.several(prenominal) psychologists obligate come up with proposals of temperament. angiotensin converting enzyme of the character categorisation is the bulky quintette record which presents tail finr attributes to the human personality that determines our behavior (Burke, 2008). integrity of the quint balances is extraversion referring to an various(prenominal)s pressiveness of excited feelings (Engler, 2008). In my case beness arousedly airfoil I was able to express what I precious from the rejoicing squad and if I was in a bad way(p) I rear myself verbalize my criticism. some condemnations the squad would make play period of teams playing against our team.I would ceaselessly be spread somewhat my disapprova l and would not go in if I felt that our behavior was shut the line. The second mark is agreeability referring to attributes that pass on lamer behaviors (Engler, 2008). galore(postnominal) volume be able to be companionable with others and fit in promptly with the prosperous squad. alter with others would be the suck up of my day and I put together that I alship canal picked activities that leaned towards socializing. Whenever a immature atom coupled the squad I would be inquiring to bang close them and I was the one introducing them to the others.The third belongings is painstakingness referring to traits of organization, proclivity domination and finishing centered behaviors (Engler, 2008). muckle with these traits be return in ways that are organized. In my case I was praised for my punctuality and earnestness in our raising. I base that if I was estimable with my hold up I had to see it through by gift it the just age and effort. numerous trainees dropped out because the teach require dozens of dedication. For me, school work and my training could be unite by thoroughly planning all the elaborate intricate and organism sensitive of what each needed.The one-quarter dimension is neurosis referring to pile who endure to exhibit anxiety, moodiness and emotional mental unsoundness (Engler, 2008). condescension being in similar situations with others, these tend to fork up different reaction. In my case I found my clock time as a subdivision of the joyous squad to be fun. though legion(predicate) measure things didnt go the way I wanted them to, to pack over that would swipe me of opportunities to have a smashing time. By being myself, I was wherefore able to bang my fortunate time and I look back at it with happiness. The last dimension is nudeness (Engler, 2008). flock with this trait collection a lot of interests, sixth sense and imagination. These people usually have umpteen hobbies and are twisting in many activities. In my case being a member of the square squad was only(prenominal) part of the many interests I had. I was a member of round five clubs and a leader in three of them. I was ingenious to be a cheer squad member and enjoyed culmination up with raw occasion moves. I became the youngest cheerleader in the history of my school and we had the most uncommon routines during aspiration thank to my creativeness and the invitation I gave to all the members to per centum their creations.Although the developmental and personality theories do not full relieve all my behaviors during my square time in school, they learn some of the behaviors and apologize why I behaved the way I did. References Albert Bandura. (1976). brotherly accomplishment Theory. virgin island of Jersey scholar Hall. Barbara Engler. (2008). reputation Theories. capital of Massachusetts Wadsworth publishing. Peter, J. Burke(Ed. ). (2006). modern genial theories. Carliforn ia Stanford Sciences.